Introduction to emerging srambased fpga architectures in dark silicon era chapter pdf available in advances in computers january 2018 with 1,261 reads how we measure reads. In the existing system, the fpga is based on 10t static random access memory sram cell configuration in. Gul khan slideshare uses cookies to improve functionality and performance, and to provide you with relevant advertising. Luca sterpone, sefuw workshop esaestec, noordwick, the netherlands. A performancedriven general logic synthesis system. To validate and justify our approach, 512 36 hp srambased tcam has been implemented in xilinx virtex5 field programmable gate array fpga and designed using 65nm cmos technology. Srambased fpga depends on the type of data structure to be protected. In this paper, we propose a superimposed virtual coarsegrained reconfigurable architecture, embedded with ondemand three. But when compared to ram technology the conventional tcam circuitry has certain limitations such as low access time, low storage capacity, circuit complexity and high cost. The research field of architectures of such reconfig. Several methods suggest using universal logic models. Srambased fpga systems for safetycritical applications.
The proposed work includes a self controllable voltage level svl circuit along with 10t sram cell and asynchronous counters in read circuit memory block instead of shift registers. Arwa ben dhia, saif ur rehman, adrien blanchardon, lirida naviner, mounir benabdenbi, et al. Customizable field programmable gate array fpga market, by architecture. In module 3 you will learn the pros and cons of flash based, sram based, and antifuse based fpgas. This paper presents a preclassifier based architecture for an energyefficient srambased tcam. Soc fpga devices integrate both processor and fpga architectures into a single device. Introduction qdr sram devices were developed in response to the demand for higher bandwidth memories targeted at networking and telecommunications applications. Mar 07, 2015 sram means the chip programming is held in ram or flops or similar. The basic qdr architecture has independent read and write datapaths for simultaneous operation. A low complexity method for detecting configuration upset in. As stated in 1, the logic may be grouped into four different structure types.
Jun 25, 2009 the point i was trying to make is that all flash based fpgas are not the same. How does srambased fpga differ from antifusebased fpga. Each kinput lut can implement any function with up to k variables and is comprised of a 2 k sram configuration bits that store the truth table of target boolean function and b 2 k multiplexer that selects the appropriate sram content based on the given inputs of the lut. Pdf fpga implementation of srambased ternary content. Ternary content addressable memory is a type of memory that allows the memory to be searched by content rather than by address. Intel delivers a broad portfolio of programmable logic devicesfpgas, socs, and cpldstogether with. Single event upset mitigation techniques for sram based. Architecture aware bitstream reduction techniques often suggest improving the fpga architecture itself to reduce bits, e.
Srambased fpga stores logic cells configuration data in the static memory. Tulloss, the test access port and boundaryscan architecture, ieee computer science press, 1990. Designing fault tolerant systems into srambased fpgas. Single event effects in sram fpga single event upset seu in configuration memory in sram fpga, the circuit itself is stored in a ram. Becker, amir moradi, christof paar, fellow, ieee abstractthis contribution is concerned with the question whether an adversary can automatically manipulate an unknown fpga bitstream realizing a cryptographic primitive such that the underlying secret key is. The first classification stage divides the tcam table into several subtables of balanced size.
Fortunately or unfortunately, the devices best suited to signal processing and the larger logic density devices tend to be the sram static random access memory based ones. Configuration memory architecture in srambased fpga modern fpga devices in general provide an array of logic resources, which may be interconnected, and configured for specific functions. Srambased field programmable gate array, antifuse based field programmable gate array, and flashbased field programmable gate array. The point i was trying to make is that all flash based fpgas are not the same. We show that recent sram based fpgas can constitute a. On the optimal design of triple modular redundancy logic. The throughput logic is a logic module of any size or functionality, synchronous. Seu fault evaluation and characteristics for srambased. An sram static random access memorybased reprogrammable fpga field programmable gate array is investigated for space applications. Pdf analysis of the robustness of the tmr architecture in. Assessing scrubbing techniques for xilinx srambased fpgas in. In module 3 you will learn the pros and cons of flashbased, srambased, and antifuse based fpgas.
A test framework using an exchangeable payload is developed for this purpose and run on a xilinx virtex5 fpga. With the rise in interest of commercial srambased fpgas, it is crucial to provide runtime reconfigurable recovery from a failure. Defect and faulttolerance in vlsi systems, september 2007, pp. Nov 01, 2017 global field programmable gate array fpga market research report forecast to 2025 customizable field programmable gate array fpga market. Sram means the chip programming is held in ram or flops or similar.
A defecttolerant cluster in a mesh sram based fpga arwa ben dhia, saif ur rehman, adrien blanchardon, lirida naviner, mounir benabdenbi, roselyne chotinavot, habib mehrez, emna amouri, zied marrakchi to cite this version. Fpga based synchronous multiport sram architecture for. In srambased fpgas, customizable memory cells sram cells, implement both the users combinational and sequential logic. The design of lowpower sram cell becomes a necessity in todays fpgas, because sram is a critical component in fpga design and consumes a large fraction of the total power.
However, if youre interested in fpgas under the hood, then have a look at the virtex6 fpga configurable. Xilinxs 3an series are multidie solutions with a standard srambased part and a spi flash packaged together. As a result, rasp can produce highly optimized designs for various srambased fpga architectures, and can be quickly adapted for new srambased fpga architectures. Xilinx xapp853 qdr ii sram interface for virtex5 devices. As such fpgabased circuits exhibit many of the favorable charac. Inputoutput logic based faulttolerant design technique for. Area efficient fpga architecture for datapath circuitsomesh mutukuda masc.
Xilinxs 3an series are multidie solutions with a standard. Here, especially srambased fpgas have to deal with radiation. Pdf a srambased architecture for triebased ip lookup. Pdf analysis of the robustness of the tmr architecture. The altera stratix v has reprogrammable sram configuration and routing, so it needs the external nonvolatile configuration memory. So the jist is that due to the nonvolatile nature of flash, when power is taken away from the fpga, the configuration is still present and is far faster to reconfigure when power is reapplied vs. Seu fault evaluation and characteristics for srambased fpga. In this paper, we evaluate and compare scrubbing techniques for xilinx sram based fpgas with respect to radiationinduced single event upsets. Analysis of the robustness of the tmr architecture in srambased fpgas article pdf available in ieee transactions on nuclear science 525. A low complexity method for detecting configuration upset.
On power up, the device transfers the configuration information to the internal sram. I had never knew flash based fpga fabrics really existed. J1, completed the portfolio of supported operations. Once the fpga designer develops a logic cell architecture they like, they tend to repeat it. A srambased architecture for trie based ip lookup using fpga. Alderighi m, casini f, dangelo s, pastore s, sechi g, weigand r.
Srambased fpga will be the focus of this work, more specifically the virtex family 17 from xilinx. Atmel microsemi xilinx the flow has been extended to partially and dynamically reconfigurable system based on xilinx fpgas. Lyons, a comparison of cmos static randomaccess memory cells, electronic engineering times, august 5, 1985. Fpga architectures overview in this short article we discuss modern fpga architectures srambased, flashbased, antifusebased and their applications. An n input lut requires 2n bits of sram to store the lookup table, and a 2n w 1 multiplexer to. This thesis examines and quanti es the additional considerations and techniques designers should employ with a rhbd sram based fpga in a space based processing system to achieve high operational. Ultrascale architecture staying a generation ahead with an extra node of value xilinxs new 16nm and 20nm ultrascale families are based on the first architecture to span multiple nodes from planar through finfet technologies and beyond, while also scaling from monolithic through 3d ics. Power efficient dataaware sram cell for srambased fpga. Srambased fpgas require an external nonvolatile memory to hold their. Usually, the board will have an eeprom to hold the program bitstream and the fpga will load the bitstream automatically at reset. Srambased fpgas lack the key capabilities required to create a trusted and secure hardware platform for a secure embedded system making them vulnerable to cloning, copying, and reverse engineering. A new commercial prototype, named the rs family, was used as an example for the investigation. Besides a significant increase in density, the virtex also offers several architectural and process advantages. Functionality and connectivity are implemented by clustered logic blocks clb and routing blocks.
Besides a significant increase in density, the virtex also offers several architectural and. Pdf fpga based architecture for high performance sram. Politecnico di torino fpga cad flow the flow is currently applied to the following fpga families. Comparing flash and srambased fpgas electronic products. For example, im using a fpga dev board from terasic and it uses dram. A new architecture for singleevent upset detection. How can srambased fpga implement the combination logic. Evaluation of single event upset mitigation schemes for sram based fpgas using the flipper fault injection platform. Fault tolerant design implementation on radiation hardened. Srambased fpga will be the focus of this work, more specifically the virtex family 1 from xilinx. Each clb contains a number of block logic elements ble. When a seu occurs in the combinational logic synthesized in the fpga, it corresponds to a bit. Srambasedfpgasystemsfor safetycriticalapplications. However, if youre interested in fpgas under the hood, then have a look at the virtex6 fpga configurable logic block user guide or the virtex5 fpga user guide.
As a result, rasp can produce highly optimized designs for various sram based fpga architectures, and can be quickly adapted for new sram based fpga architectures. Although dram memory seems to be cheaper that sram static ram, from my point of view it is not optimized for image processing, let me explain. It is an sram based fpga that supports a range of 50k to 1m configurable gates and is fabricated on. The design of an srambased fieldprogrammable gate array. Configuration bitstream reduction for srambased fpgas by. Virtex fpga the virtex fpga is a relatively new product from xilinx inc. The main objective of this work is to design a memory cell in field programmable gate array fpga that consumes lesser power with reduced delay constraint.
Sram based fpgas require an external nonvolatile memory to hold their configuration pattern, which upon powerup is transferred via serial link into. A generic methodology to compute design sensitivity to seu. A defecttolerant areaefficient multiplexer for basic. Mar, 2015 alderighi m, casini f, dangelo s, pastore s, sechi g, weigand r. On the optimal design of triple modular redundancy logic for. Ieee design and diagnosis of electronic circuits and systems proc 2010. Single event upsets in sram fpga the functionality of a sram fpga is determined by the state of its con. Lattices are really srambased using a mixed sram flash process with backup storage in the onchip flash.
Reassuring fault tolerance in computing systems that contain fpga devices is the most important problem for mission critical space components. Sensitive customer data can be attacked and embedded systems compromised. Sram based fpga depends on the type of data structure to be protected. Customizable field programmable gate array fpga market. Automated fault attacks against srambased fpgas pawel swierczynski, georg t. The design of an srambased field programmable gate array part i. System architectures, hardware design, and programmable logic specifically, field. Sram, flash, and antifuse fpgas are programmable, and the program resides in a memory which determines how the logic and routing in the device is configured. Presented at the 2017 ieee 23rd international symposium on online testing and robust system design iolts. The present chapter provides an overview of various factors responsible for power consumption in fpga and discusses the design techniques of lowpower srambased fpga at system level, device level, and architecture levels. The complexity of configuration integrity monitoring has hindered application of these devices in environments where upset is likely. Soft errors in partially and dynamically reconfigurable sram. Single event upset mitigation techniques for sram based fpgas. Learn more about alteras soc fpga product portfolio.
A defecttolerant cluster in a mesh srambased fpga arwa ben dhia. Throughout the history of fpgas, luts have been the mainstream logic block adopted by commercial fpga vendors. As a result, srambased fpgas offer the additional benefits of allowing inorbit design changes, with the aim of reducing the mission cost by correcting errors or improving system performance after launch. A defecttolerant areaefficient multiplexer for basic blocks. Index termsfpga, fpga architecture, fpga circuit design, field programmable gate arrays, sram programmable. Srambased fpgas require an external nonvolatile memory to hold their configuration pattern, which upon powerup is transferred via serial link into. Flashbased vs srambased fpga most important con of sram based fpga. Assessing scrubbing techniques for xilinx srambased. Architectureaware bitstream reduction techniques often suggest improving the fpga architecture itself to reduce bits, e. Smartfusion2 soc fpga sram initialization from envm. Throughput logic, statemachine logic, io logic, and special features select block ram, dlls, etc. Fpga architecture presentation linkedin slideshare.
A novel srambased fpga architecture for defect and fault tolerance of configurable logic blocks. Flash based vs sram based fpga most important con of sram based fpga. Further, fpga devices based on sram are the most susceptible to the adverse e. On the other hand, srambased fpgas need a supporting nonvolatile memory to store the con. In this paper, we evaluate and compare scrubbing techniques for xilinx srambased fpgas with respect to radiationinduced single event upsets. A performancedriven general logic synthesis system for.
You usually dont have to bother with luts and flipflops, especially not at the beginner level. Reliabilityaware placement in srambased fpga for voltage. Field programmable gate array market by technology eeprom. Global field programmable gate array fpga market research report forecast to 2025 customizable field programmable gate array fpga market.
Fieldprogrammable gate arrays fpgas are integrated circuits that are based around a matrix of configurable logic blocks clbs connected via programmable interconnects. Sram based reprogrammable fpga tbr space applications. How can sram based fpga implement the combination logic. Institut telecom, telecom paristech, paris, france grenoblealpes university, tima laboratory, grenoble, france lip6, pierre and marie curie university, paris.
Architecture paul chow, member, ieee, soon ong seo, jonathan rose, member, ieee, kevin chung, gerard p. Inputoutput logic based faulttolerant design technique. Soft errors in partially and dynamically reconfigurable. Hyperflex fpga architecture to deliver up to 40% higher performance1 or up to 40% lower power1. It performs high speed lookup operations within a single clock cycle. Smartfusion2 soc fpga sram initialization from envm libero soc v11. Improving reliability, security, and efficiency of. Faults in the configuration memory of a srambased fpga directly modify the definition of its function, dangerously impacting its ability to operate properly. The most probable effect, when we consider srambased fpga at sealevel, is the singleevent upset seu, i. The design of an sram based fieldprogrammable gate array part i. Customizable field programmable gate array fpga market, by technology node. Configuration memory architecture in sram based fpga modern fpga devices in general provide an array of logic resources, which may be interconnected, and configured for specific functions.